PRIYALA (Stem Bark)
Priyala consists of dried stem bark of Buchanania lanzan Spreng. Syn. B. latifolia Roxb. (Fam. Anacardiacem), an evergreen tree upto 15 m high, found throughout the country in dry deciduous forests.
SYNONYMS
Sanskrit : Priyala, Carah, Kharaskandhah
Assamese : —
Bengali : Chironji, Pial
English : Calumpang Nut Tree
Gujrati : Chaaroli
Hindi : Chiraunji, Piyaar, Chironji
Kannada : Kolatmavu, Chalaali
Kashmiri : —
Malayalam : Priyaalam, Mural maram
Marathi : Chaaroli Jhaada
Oriya : Char, Charakoli, Priyal
Punjabi : Chironji
Tamil : Saarapparuppu
Telugu : Sarapappu Chettu, Chinna morilli Mori, Saara
Urdu : Habb-us-Samena
DESCRIPTION
a) Macroscopic
Bark occurs in 3 to 11 cm long, and about 1.0 cm thick pieces; external surface greyish-brown, rough due to formation of fissures; internal surface reddish-brown and fibrous; recurved, flat or more or less channelled; fracture, fibrous.
b) Microscopic
Shows a wide zone of rhytidoma, consisting of oval thick-walled cork cells, hardened dead cortical cells, having a few oil globules, groups of lignified phloem fibres, stone cells and a large number of lysigenous cavities with yellow contents; secondary phloem a wide zone composed of oval to polygonal, parenchymatous cells containing prismatic crystals of calcium oxalate and a few oil globules; groups of round to oval stone cells having distinct striations with both narrow and wide lumen; phloem rays usually biseriate, composed of round to oval, slightly thick-walled cells.
Powder -Greyish-brown; shows fragments of parenchymatous cells, phloem fibres, stone cells and a few prismatic crystals and oil globules.
IDENTITY, PURITY AND STRENGTH
Foreign matter Not more than 2 per cent, Appendix 2.2.2.
Total Ash Not more than 18 per cent, Appendix 2.2.3.
Acid-insoluble ash Not more than 1 per cent, Appendix 2.2.4.
Alcohol-soluble extractive Not less than 14 per cent, Appendix 2.2.6.
Water-soluble extractive Not less than 15 per cent, Appendix 2.2.7.
T.L.C.
T.L.C. of alcoholic extract on Silica gel ‘G’ plate using n-Butanol ; Acetic acid Water (4:1:5) shows in visible light two spots at Rf. 0.14 and 0.91 (both grey). Under U.V. (366nm) two fluorescent zones appear at Rf. 0.70 and 0.78 (both blue). On exposure to Iodine vapour two spots appear at Rf. 0.14 and 0.91 (both yellow). On spraying with Ferric chloride solution two spots appear at Rf. 0.14 and 0.91 (both dirty blue).
CONSTITUENTS – Alkaloids, Tannins, Saponins, reducing Sugars, Triterpenoids and Flavonoids
PROPERTIES AND ACTION
Rasa : Madhura
Guna : Guru, Sara, Snigdha
Virya : Sita
Vipaka : Madhura
Karma : Hrdya, Pittahara, Vatahara, Vrsya, Dahahara, Raktaprasadana, Virecanopaga
IMPORTANT FORMULATIONS – Asoka Ghrta, Nyagrodhadi Kvatha Curna
THERAPEUTIC USES – Jvara, Raktapitta, Trsa, Rakatisara
DOSE – 5-10 gm.
Latest Govt Job & Exam Updates: